Why in News?
Lok Sabha passes Inter-Services Organisation (Command, Control & Discipline) Bill – 2023

Context:  
The bill seeks to empower Commander-in-Chief and Officer-in Command of Inter-Services Organisations (ISOs) with all disciplinary and administrative powers in respect of the personnel serving in or attached to such organisations.
 
What is the Present Status? 
Currently, the Armed Forces personnel are governed in accordance with the provisions contained in their specific Service Acts - Army Act 1950, Navy Act 1957 and Air Force Act 1950. 
 
Existing challenges: 
·         Fixed rules of the three services pose a challenge to change.
·         Incorporating technologies like AI and drone technology in modern warfare is challenging.
·         Logistical issues in certain services make it difficult to formulate joint rules and collaboration.
·         Logistics pose a major challenge to smooth and coordinated implementation.
·         Chief of Defence Services (CDS) is overburdened with multiple roles.

What this Bill seeks to change?  
The enactment of the Bill will have various tangible benefits such as:
·         Maintenance of effective discipline in inter-services establishments by the Heads of ISOs
·         No requirement of reverting personnel under disciplinary proceedings to their parent Service units
·         Expeditious disposal of cases of indiscipline 
·         Saving of public money & time by avoiding multiple proceedings.
·         Pave the way for much greater integration and jointness amongst the three Services
·         Lay a strong foundation for creation of Joint Structures in times to come and 
·         Further improve the functioning of the Armed Forces.     
It was introduced as part of a series of military reforms being undertaken by the Government, with the aim to empower the nation.   
It is an important step taken towards integration and jointness among the Armed Forces to face the future challenges in an integrated manner.

Salient Features  
·         The ‘ISO Bill - 2023’ shall be applicable to all personnel of regular Army, Navy, and Air force, and to persons of other forces as notified by the Central Government, who are serving in or attached to an Inter-Services Organisation.
·         This Bill empowers the Commander-in-Chief, Officer-in-Command or any other officer specially empowered in this behalf by the Central Government with all the disciplinary and administrative powers in respect of personnel serving in or attached to their Inter-Services Organisations for the maintenance of discipline and proper discharge of their duties, irrespective of the service to which they belong.
·         The Commander-in-Chief or the Officer-in-Command means General Officer/Flag Officer/Air Officer who has been appointed as Commander-in-Chief of Officer-in-Command an Inter-Services Organisation.
·         To maintain Command and Control in absence of the Commander-in-Chief or the Officer-in-Command, the officiating incumbent or the officer on whom the command develops in absence of a Commander-in-charge or Officer-in-Charge, will also be empowered to initiate all disciplinary or administrative actions over the service personnel, appointed, deputed, posted or attached to an Inter-Services organisation.
·         The Bill also empowers the Commanding Officer of an Inter-Services organisation to initiate all disciplinary or administrative actions over the personnel appointed, deputed, posted or attached to that Inter-Services Organisation. For the purpose of this Act, Commanding Officer means the officer in actual command of the unit, ship or establishment.
·         The Bill empowers the Central Government to constitute an Inter- Services Organisation.
·         The ‘ISO Bill-2023’ is essentially an Enabling Act and it does not propose any change in the existing Service Acts/Rules/Regulations which are time-tested and have withstood judicial scrutiny over the last six decades or more. 
·         Service personnel when serving in or attached to an Inter-Services Organisation will continue to be governed by their respective Service Acts. 
·         What it does is to empower Heads of Inter-Services Organisations to exercise all the disciplinary and administrative powers as per the existing Service Acts/Rules/Regulations, irrespective of the service they belong to.

Mains Question:
  Q: Examine the Provisions of Inter-Services Organizations Bill, 2023 and its significance in bringing Military Reforms?